We often are asked for sewing machine parts to fit a Singer F1234567. the problem is this long number is the serial number and we need the machine model number to help with parts, feet, needles etc. There is no reference charts available to tell us the exact model number from it's serial number. However hopefully this page will help identify your sewing machine model number in conjunction with the other details we have available relating to sewing machine serial numbers.!
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1922 Antique Singer 99k Sewing Machine Serial No. Y723895 w/ Original Case
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Singer Sewing Machine 1940 Model 15 Serial AF707558 w Accessories
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1936 Singer Featherweight 221-1 Vintage Antique Sewing Machine Serial # AE080378
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Antique SINGER Sewing Machine serial G2260159 1912 electric
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1906 Singer Sewing Machine Serial H453103
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Vintage Antique 1924 Singer Sewing Machine W/ Case Serial 2332805
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Singer Sewing Machine Electric Knee Lever Working 99K Vintage 1939
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Vitage Antique Singer Sewing Machine Model 66. Serial AB744588
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Singer Sewing Machine. Model 99. Serial# ag400951 . w extras
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Vintage Sewing machine Singer 66, serial nr.C2194332, Rare
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SINGER BZ 15-8 VINTAGE Sewing Machine SERIAL NUMBER G0824870
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Vintage 1946 Singer Manufacturing Co. Sewing Machine Model 66 Serial AG631116
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BZ 15-8 Singer Vintage Sewing Machine Serial Number EE620172, NOT WORKING
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'Estate Find' Vintage SINGER Sewing Machine Serial # AD 183699 Restore/Parts
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SINGER Sewing Machine Serial No. AK738096
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SINGER VINTAGE 99k Sewing Machine SERIAL # EF223174 , July of 1949
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Singer Sewing Machine 66- Serial AL813208 Electric Foot Pedal with Carrying Case
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SINGER VINTAGE 99k Sewing Machine SERIAL # EF644993
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singer sewing machine domestic, made betw 1955-1959, serial AM287451
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Antique SINGER Featherweight Sewing Machine 221-1 Serial # AK762754 Year 1952
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SINGER MODEL 27 TREADLE SEWING MACHINE HEAD 1901 Serial # L956155
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Vintage Singer Model 99 Sewing Machine Serial Excellent Shape, Beautiful Wood
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Antique Vintage SINGER - SEWING MACHINE serial G 1046956 made 1910 sphinx egypt
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New ListingANTIQUE 1901 SINGER SEWING MACHINE W/ SERIAL# /LIGHT/FOOT PEDAL/ & CASE & WORKS!
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Singer Sewing Machine Serial #14977504 Vtg Made In USA Works! Rare Wow
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Antique 1927 Singer Portable Sewing Machine Serial Number AB751670
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1910 No. 66 5-Drawer Singer 'Red Eye' Treadle Sewing Machine Serial # G6618178
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1922 Singer sewing machine Serial # Y756155
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Vintage Singer Sewing Machine without Cabinet 'Decorativeâ Serial â # G6327937
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- Singer Sewing Machine Serial Numbers Location
- Singer Sewing Machine Serial Number By Year
- Singer Sewing Machine Serial Numbers Ac
Singer Sewing Machine Serial Numbers Location
How to Identify an old machine without a serial number.?
If your sewing machine does not have a model number, but has a serial number similar in location to the image above, use the images below to help identify the sewing machine model number. The Singer 99k sewing machine is small in size measuring only 12-1/2' wide, this image shows an early version the 99K (99K21 - 26) made between 1924 to 1954. Originally it may have been hand operated.
The stitch length was adjusted via a screw and the machine did not stitch backwards.
Later versions 99K31 had a stitch length up-down lever with reverse stitch and numbered tension dial - Year 1955
The Singer 15K is always recognised by its tension unit being on the left face of the machine.
Its bobbin had to be inserted into a bobbin case, then the case was inserted into the machine vertically to the left of the needle. When threading the needle it had to be threaded from left to right.
The machine in the image had a small type stitch length, later varieties had the stitch length lever protruding out from a large round numbered disc.
The Singer 15K was manufactured over many years from 1910 - 1964, then reproduced again in 1982 called the Singer 15N.
The Singer 222K as shown has the sleeve arm or sometimes called tubular bed. The Singer 221K was the same machine without the tubular bed, it also had the lift up fabric table like the 222K
Both the 222K and 221K were tiny machines known as the original Singer Featherweight machines. The light aluminium frame was only 9-3/4' wide, even with the fabric rest down it still was only 14-1/2'..!
I'm sure its still the smallest adult sewing machine ever produced. Its manufacturing year was 1955 to 1964
The Singer 66K is the large version of the Singer 99K. Here the image shows a lovely 66K about 1920, originally may have been hand, electric or treadle operated. It was manufactured between 1907 to 1920 the early machines were only Black and Gold with no colour.
The 66K has a bed size of 14-1/2' so is much wider than the 99K
The Singer 28K had what was called a vibrating shuttle or boat shuttle or bullet shuttle.. the long bobbin/shuttle was inserted into its case which looked like a bullet, then the case was located into the machine and lay in a frame that looked like a boat hull. When the machine was running it most likely was quite noisy because the shuttle moved forward and backwards at great speed, at times it made the machine vibrate.
The Singer 28K was small at only 12-1/2' bed size and had its bobbin winder located high-up near the hand wheel. Year 1885.
The Singer 27K was a larger version of the 28K, except it had its bobbin winder located lower.
The Singer 27K was large bed at 14-1/2'. Year 1885.
Singer 127K sewing machine was very similar to the 28K. But the 127K was manufactured years later at around 1912.
The 127K had its bobbin winder in a high position and had the same type of vibrating shuttle or sometimes called boat shuttle or even bullet shuttle..! It had a larger bed size at 14-1/2'
The Singer 128K was manufactured around the same time as the 127K - 1912. The difference was the 128K was smaller at only 12-1/2' bed size. It always look a neater machine because of its compact size.
The Singer model 128K also had the vibrating type shuttle.
The Singer 201k was named the Rolls Royce of sewing machines because it was super smooth in operation thanks to the full rotary hook and precisely made carbon steel gears. It had smoothness that other sewing machine manufacturers could only dream about. It also had a price tag to match.!
The Singer 201K was cast iron in Black with a round neck body, also made with an Aluminium body which had a square neck. The Aluminium body machines were made in Black/Gold, Beige or Beige/Brown. First introduced in 1935 and continued in production up until 1962
Despite the differing body shapes and apart from it's smoothness, the 201K can be recognised by the large disc with the stitch length lever protruding from it. The tension unit was directly in front on the needle which in turn threaded from right to left. The slide plate (to access the bobbin) had a small oblong hole which aided whilst sliding the slide plate to the left to view the bobbin.
This image shows even older antique Singer machines dating from way back to 1865 to 1870 with a fiddle type bed. Unfortunately not many parts are available for machines of this age. This one is a vintage Singer 12K sewing machine and was manufactured at the Singer plant in Glasgow, Scotland. This machine has the 'Acanthus Leaves' decal set which was used by Singer on the 12K and 13K models.
Other Answers in the Category 'Dating a vintage or antique sewing machine, How old is it.?'
1. Where is my sewing machine model number located
2. Dating a vintage sewing machine form its serial numbers with no letter prefix
3. Find sewing machine model number from serial number
4. What if the serial number starts with two letters. How old will it be?
5. How old is my sewing machine, the serial number starts with a letter
6. Where was my Antique Singer sewing machine made, the serial number starts with two letters ?
7. What is the history of the Singer Sewing Machine Company
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1921 Singer 49K Sewing Machine SERIAL Number Y1608877
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Singer Sewing Machine Electric Knee Lever Working 99K Vintage 1939
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SINGER BZ 15-8 VINTAGE Sewing Machine SERIAL NUMBER G0824870
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BZ 15-8 Singer Vintage Sewing Machine Serial Number EE620172, NOT WORKING
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Antique Singer Sewing Machine Serial number J0047892 Great Shape
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Antique Singer Circa Sewing Machine, 1900, Great Condition, Serial Number Visual
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Antique 1927 Singer Portable Sewing Machine Serial Number AB751670
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1948 SINGER model 15-90 serial number AH903388 SEWING MACHINE w wooden case.
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RARE MODEL ANTIQUE 66 Singer Sewing Machine serial number (C654477)
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Vintage 1920's Singer Sewing Machine Serial Number AA549403 with wood cover
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Antique Singer Sewing Machine Serial Number AC536133
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Vintage Singer Sewing Machine serial number 12059495
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Vintage Singer Sewing Machine 99k serial number ED876553
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Vintage Singer Sewing Machine serial number F2582364
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Singer Vintage Sewing Machine 1916 Serial Number F7161033 Grade B For Parts Non
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Singer Sewing Machine Ex Showroom Prop From London With Case G Serial Number
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Antique Singer 66 Sewing Machine 194584 Pedal Motor 1920's Wood Case Manfg Co
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Vintage 1950 Singer Featherweight 221 Sewing Machine + Case, Parts
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GENUINE SINGER ELECTRIC SEWING MACHINE 99-K + WOOD CABINET Serial # EJ530472
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New Listing1936 Singer Featherweight 221 Sewing Machine Serial # AE085091
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RARE RED EMBLEM Singer 222k FEATHERWEIGHT 1960 Sewing Machine SERVICED 110V Case
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SWEET ANTIQUE TOY SINGER SEWING MACHINE c1910 SUPERB CONDITION
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Singer 15 Antique Treadle Sewing Machine, 1934, For Parts, Local Pickup Only
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Singer,Sewing,Machine,Vinatge,Small,Oil,Can,Very Good Condition!
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Original Singer 500 503 Rocketeer Sewing Machine Foot Controller Pedal & Cord
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Antique SINGER Featherweight Sewing Machine 221-1 Serial # AK762754 Year 1952
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1941 Singer Sewing Machine - Working
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Vintage SINGER Sewing Machine Attachments in original box made in Great Britain
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Super RARE 9w SINGER SEWING MACHINE w/PEDAL, Manual, CASE & Extras 1905-1912
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Antique SINGER 128K hand crank sewing machine 1939. + accessories.
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Vintage Singer Featherweight Electric Sewing Machine 221 (AM387613)
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SINGER VINTAGE 99k Sewing Machine SERIAL # EF644993
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singer 221 featherweight sewing machine
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SINGER VINTAGE 99k Sewing Machine SERIAL # EF223174 , July of 1949
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Singer Featherweight Sewing Machine 221 -1 + Case & Numerous Attachments
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Beautiful Singer 99k Hand Crank 99 Sewing Machine Bentwood Top Serviced
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1936 Singer Featherweight 221-1 Vintage Antique Sewing Machine Serial # AE080378
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1953 SINGER SEWING MACHINE 15-90 in Walnut Base , HEAVY DUTY , SERVICED,
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Vintage Singer Featherweight Sewing Machine in Case
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Vintage 1960's Singer Sewing Machine Model 348 Tiffany Blue 9102193-1
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Singer 500a 503 Rocketeer Sewing Machine Top Plate
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Singer Sewing Machine Featherweight 221 Simanco 45713 with extra
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singer sewing machine domestic, made betw 1955-1959, serial AM287451
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Singer Sewing Machine 1928 - Working Complete w/ Knee Bar Oil Can & Key Model 99
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Vintage Singer Model 99 Sewing Machine Serial Excellent Shape, Beautiful Wood
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Rare Vintage Singer Featherweight 221 - 1955 Electric Sewing Machine AL931732
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VINTAGE SINGER SEWING MACHINE MODEL SERIAL #AD742469 MFG.1934- INCLUDES CASING
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1947 Singer Sewing Machine. Very Good Condition Rare Serial #AH164746
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SINGER 221-K FEATHERWEIGHT PORTABLE SEWING MACHINE (1 OWNER)
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Vintage Singer Sewing Machine (Parts Or Repair)
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Vintage 1952 Singer Featherweight 221K Sewing Machine w/ Case & Foot Pedal
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VINTAGE SINGER SEWING MACHINE MODEL 7184
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OLD 1950s SINGER SEWING MACHINE IN LOCK BOX GOOD CONDITION
From United StatesWas: Previous Price$89.99Singer Corporation Singer factory, Elizabethport, Elizabeth, New Jersey (2005)Founded 1851 as I. M. Singer Company, New York, New York, United States Headquarters La Vergne, Tennessee, United States Parent SVP Worldwide
International Semi Tech Microsystems 1989-2000Website www.singer.com A Singer treadlesewing machineSinger Corporation is an American manufacturer of sewing machines, first established as I. M. Singer & Co. in 1851 by Isaac Merritt Singer with New York lawyer Edward Clark. Best known for its sewing machines, it was renamed Singer Manufacturing Company in 1865, then The Singer Company in 1963. It is based in La Vergne, Tennessee, near Nashville. Its first large factory for mass production was built in Elizabeth, New Jersey, in 1863.[1]- 1History of Singer's sewing machines and its business
- 2Marketing
History of Singer's sewing machines and its business[edit]
Old Singer logoA Singer 1851 sewing machineSinger's original design, which was the first practical sewing machine for general domestic use, incorporated the basic eye-pointed needle and lock stitch developed by Elias Howe, who won a patent-infringement suit against Singer in 1854.Patent No. 8294, of August 12, 1851, introduced one of the most useful machines, and one of the most remarkable men, that have figured in the development of the sewing machine. Isaac Merritt Singer, strolling player, theater manager, inventor, and millionaire, brought into the business a new machine and novel methods of exploitation, which gave a powerful impulse to the youthful industry. The Singer improvements met the demand of the tailoring, and leather industries for a heavier and more powerful machine.[2]Singer consolidated enough patents in the field to enable him to engage in mass production, and by 1860, his company was the largest manufacturer of sewing machines in the world. In 1885, Singer produced its first 'vibrating shuttle' sewing machine, an improvement over contemporary transverse shuttle designs (see bobbin drivers). Singer began to market its machines internationally in 1855 and won first prize at the Paris World's Fair. The company demonstrated the first workable electric sewing machine at the Philadelphia electric exhibition in 1889 and began mass-producing domestic electric machines in 1910. Singer was also a marketing innovator and was a pioneer in promoting the use of installment payment plans.Early sales figures[edit]
Year 1853 1859 1867 1871 1873 1878 Units 810 10,953 43,053 181,260 232,444 262,316 Source:[3] By 1876, Singer was claiming cumulative sales of two million machines and displaying the two millionth in Philadelphia.[4]Singer in Scotland[edit]
Workers leaving Singer Sewing Machine Factory on ClydebankIn 1867, the Singer Company decided that the demand for their sewing machines in the UK was sufficiently high to open a local factory in Glasgow on John Street. Singer Vice President George Ross McKenzie selected Glasgow because of its iron making industries, cheap labour, and shipping capabilities.[5] Demand for sewing machines outstripped production at the new plant and by 1873, a new larger factory was completed on James Street, Bridgeton. By that point, Singer employed over 2,000 people in Scotland, but they still could not produce enough machines.In 1882, McKenzie, by then President-elect of the Singer Manufacturing Company, undertook the ground breaking ceremony on 46 acres (19 ha) of farmland at Kilbowie, Clydebank. Originally, two main buildings were constructed, each 800-foot (240 m) long, 50-foot (15 m) wide and three storeys high. These were connected by three wings. Built above the middle wing was a 200-foot (61 m) tall clock tower with the 'Singer' name clearly displayed for all to see for miles around. A total of 2.75 miles (4.43 km) of railway lines were laid throughout the factory to connect the different departments such as the boiler room, foundry, shipping and the lines to main railway stations. Sir Robert McAlpine was the building contractor and the factory was designed to be fire proof with water sprinklers, making it the most modern factory in Europe at that time.[6]With nearly a million square feet of space and almost 7,000 employees, it was possible to produce on average 13,000 machines a week, making it the largest sewing machine factory in the world. The Clydebank factory was so productive that in 1905, the US Singer Company set up the Singer Manufacturing Company Ltd. as a UK-registered company. Demand continued to exceed production, so each building was extended upwards to 6 storeys high.In the First World War, sewing machine production gave way to munitions. The Singer Clydebank factory received over 5000 government contracts, and made 303 million artillery shells, shell components, fuses, and aeroplane parts, as well as grenades, rifle parts, and 361,000 horseshoes. Its labour force of 14,000 was about 70% female at war's end.[7]From its opening in 1884 until 1943, the Kilbowie factory produced approximately 36,000,000 sewing machines. Singer was the world leader and sold more machines than all the other makers added together. In 1913, the factory shipped 1.3 million machines. The late 1950s and 1960s saw a period of significant change at the Clydebank factory. In 1958, Singer reduced production at their main American plant and transferred 40% of this production to the Clydebank factory in a bid to reduce costs. Between 1961 and 1964, the Clydebank factory underwent a £4 million modernization program which saw the Clydebank factory cease the production of cast iron machines and focus on the production of aluminium machines for western markets. As part of this modernisation programme, the famous Singer Clock was demolished in 1963. At the height of its productiveness in the mid 1960s, Singer employed over 16,000 workers but by the end of that decade, compulsory redundancies were taking place and 10 years later the workforce was down to 5,000. Financial problems and lack of orders forced the world's largest sewing machine factory to close in June 1980, bringing to an end over 100 years of sewing machine production in Scotland. The complex of buildings was demolished in 1998.[8]Painted Singer Sewing sign in Kingston, NYA Singer sewing machine with electric retrofitMarketing[edit]
Advertising photograph by Paolo Monti, Milan 1963The Singer sewing machine was the first complex standardized technology to be mass marketed. It was not the first sewing machine, and its patent in 1851 led to a patent battle with Elias Howe, inventor of the lockstitch machine. This eventually resulted in a patent sharing accord among the major firms.[9] Marketing strategies included focusing on the manufacturing industry,[10] gender identity,[11] credit plans,[12] and 'hire purchases.'[9]Singer's marketing emphasized the role of women and their relationship to the home, evoking ideals of virtue, modesty, and diligence.[13] Though the sewing machine represented liberation from arduous hand sewing, it chiefly benefited those sewing for their families and themselves. Tradespeople relying on sewing as a livelihood still suffered from poor wages, which dropped further in response to the time savings gained by machine sewing.[9] Singer offered credit purchases and rent-to-own arrangements, allowing people to rent a machine with the rental payments applied to the eventual purchase of the machine,[9] and sold globally through the use of direct-sales door-to-door canvassers to demonstrate and sell the machines.[14]World War II[edit]
During World War II, the company suspended sewing machine production to take on government contracts for weapons manufacturing. Factories in the US supplied the American forces with Norden bomb sights and M1 Carbine rifle receivers, while factories in Germany provided their armed forces with weapons.[15]In 1939, the company was given a production study by the government to draw plans and develop standard raw material sizes for building M1911A1 pistols. The following April 17, Singer was given an educational order of 500 units with serial numbers S800001 â S800500. The educational order was a program set up by the US Ordnance Board to teach companies without gun-making experience to manufacture weapons.After the 500 units were delivered to the US government, the management decided to produce artillery and bomb sights. The pistol tooling and manufacturing machines were transferred to Remington Rand whilst some went to the Ithaca Gun Company. Approximately 1.75 million 1911A1 pistols were produced during World War II, making original Singer pistols relatively rare and collectable. [16]Post war and present[edit]
Singer resumed developing sewing machines in 1946.[17] They introduced its first sewing machine with zigzag function in 1952, the Slant-o-Matic. 2011 marked their 160th anniversary. Currently, they manufacture computerized, heavy duty, embroidery, quilting, sergers, and mechanical sewing machines.[18]In 2017, they launched their new Singer Sewing Assistant App.[19]Diversification[edit]
Singer in MaltaIn the 1960s the company diversified, acquiring the Fridencalculator company in 1965, Packard Bell Electronics in 1966 and General Precision Equipment Corporation in 1968. GPE included Librascope, The Kearfott Company, Inc, and Link Flight Simulation. In 1968 also Singer bought out GPS Systems and added it to the Link Simulations Systems Division (LSSD). This unit produced nuclear power plant control center simulators in Silver Spring, Maryland and Columbia, Maryland while flight simulators were produced in Binghamton, New York.In 1987, corporate raider Paul Bilzerian made a 'greenmail' run at Singer, and ended up owning the company when no 'White Knight' rescuer appeared. To recover his money, Bilzerian sold off parts of the company. Kearfott was split, the Kearfott Guidance & Navigation Corporation was sold to the Astronautics Corporation of America in 1988 and the Electronic Systems Division was purchased by GEC-Marconi in 1990, renamed GEC-Marconi Electronic Systems (and later incorporated into BAE Systems). The four Link divisions developing and supporting industrial and flight simulation were sold to Canadian Avionics Electronics (CAE) and became CAE-Link. The nuclear power simulator division became S3 Technologies, and later GSE Systems, and relocated to Eldersburg, MD. The Sewing Machine Division was sold in 1989 to Semi-Tech Microelectronics, a publicly traded Toronto-based company.[20]For several years in the 1970s, Singer set up a national sales force for CAT phototypesetting machines (of UNIXtroff fame) made by another Massachusetts company, Graphic Systems Inc.[21] This division was purchased by Wang Laboratories in 1978.21st century[edit]
Woman with Singer sewing machine in East Timor (2017)The Singer Corporation produces a range of consumer products, including electronic sewing machines. It is now part of SVP Worldwide, which also owns the Pfaff and Husqvarna Viking brands, which is in turn owned by Kohlberg & Company, which bought Singer in 2004. Its main competitors are Brother Industries, Janome, and Aisin Seikiâa Toyota Group company that manufactures Toyota, Necchi and E&R Classic Sewing Machines and Juki.Singer Buildings[edit]
Singer Sewing Machine Serial Number By Year
The tower of the former Singer Building in Manhattan, the tallest in the world at the time of its constructionSinger House in Saint Petersburg, RussiaSinger was heavily involved in Manhattan real estate in the 1800s through Edward Clark, a founder of the company. Clark had built The Dakota apartments and other Manhattan buildings in the 1880s. In 1900, the Singer company retained Ernest Flagg to build a 12-story loft building at Broadway and Prince Street in Lower Manhattan. The building is now considered architecturally notable, and has been restored.[22]The 47-story Singer Building, completed in 1908, was also designed by Flagg, who designed two landmark residences for Bourne. Constructed during Bourne's tenure, the Singer Building (demolished in 1968) was then the tallest building in the world and was the tallest building to be intentionally demolished until the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center were destroyed in the September 11 attacks.[23]At their Clydebank factory Singer built a 200 feet (61 m) clock tower which stood over the central wing and had the reputation of being the largest four-faced clock in the world. Each face weighed five tons and it took four men fifteen minutes twice a week to keep it wound.[24] The tower was demolished after the factory closed in 1980 and now site of Clydebank Business Park. Singer railway station, built to serve the factory, is still in operation.However, Windows 10 would let you set a scheduled time to restart your PC after the updates are downloaded and installed. How to stop updates in windows 8.The famous Singer House, designed by architect Pavel Suzor, was built in 1902â1904 at Nevsky Prospekt in Saint Petersburg for headquarters of the Russian branch of the company. This modern style building (situated just opposite to the Kazan Cathedral) is officially recognized as an object of Russian historical-cultural heritage.In 2018, a large factory fire destroyed a Singer distribution office and warehouse in Seven Hills, Sydney. Singer had manufactured sewing machines in Australia at a purpose-built plant in the western Sydney suburb of Penrith, from 1959 until 1967.Singer Sewing Machine Serial Numbers Ac
List of company presidents[edit]
- Isaac Singer (1851â1863)
- Inslee Hopper (1863â1875)
- Edward C. Clark (1875â1882)
- George Ross McKenzie (1882â1889)
- Frederick Gilbert Bourne (1889â1905)
- Sir Douglas Alexander (1905â1949)
- Milton C. Lightner (1949â1958)
- Donald P. Kircher (1958â1975)
- Joseph Bernard Flavin (1975â1987)
- Paul Bilzerian (1987â1989)[25]
- Iftikhar Ahmed (1989â1997)[26]
- Stephen H. Goodman (1998â2004)
Popular domestic Singer sewing machines[edit]
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A Singer model 12K fiddle-bed from 1878.
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A Singer model 66 with Lotus decals from 1922.
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A Singer model 99 from 1939.
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A Singer Featherweight model 222k from 1954.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^Cunningham, John T. (2004). Ellis Island: Immigration's Shining Center. Arcadia Publishing. ISBN978-0-7385-2428-3.
- ^'Sewing machine history'. Archived from the original on March 28, 2010.
- ^'Sewing Machines'. Machine-History.Com. Archived from the original on March 28, 2010. Retrieved September 3, 2012.
- ^Fort Moultrie Centennial, Part II. Charleston: Walker, Evans & Cogswell. 1876. p. 29. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
- ^Hounshell, David (1984). From the American System to Mass Production, 1800-1932: The Development of Manufacturing Technology in the United States. Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 93â94. ISBN9780801831584.
- ^'A portrait of achievement'(PDF). Sir Robert McAlpine. Archived from the original(PDF) on May 8, 2016. Retrieved April 24, 2016.
- ^Robert Bruce Davies, Peacefully working to conquer the world (Arno Press, 1976) p 170
- ^'Singer Sewing Machine Factory Kilbowie, Clydebank'.
- ^ abcdJoan Perkin, 'Sewing Machines: Liberation or Drudgery for Women?' History Today 52 (Dec. 2002).
- ^Andrew Godley 'Selling the Sewing Machine Around the World: Singers International Marketing Strategies, 1850-1920.' Enterprise and Society (June 2007) 7 281.
- ^Judith G. Coffin, 'Credit, Consumption, and Images of Women's Desires: Selling the Sewing Machine in Late Nineteenth-Century France.' Historical Studies (Spring, 1994) 18 746-750.
- ^Judith G. Coffin, 'Credit, Consumption, and Images of Women's Desires: Selling the Sewing Machine in Late Nineteenth-Century France.' Historical Studies (Spring, 1994) 18 752
- ^Judith G. Coffin, 'Credit, Consumption, and Images of Women's Desires: Selling the Sewing Machine in Late Nineteenth-Century France.' Historical Studies (Spring, 1994) 18 746-752.
- ^Andrew Godley 'Selling the Sewing Machine Around the World: Singers International Marketing Strategies, 1850-1920.' Enterprise and Society (June 2007) 7 269-281.
- ^Sanders, Richard Robert S. Clark (1877-1956), Press for Conversion! magazine, Issue # 53, 'Facing the Corporate Roots of American Fascism,' March 2004. Published by the Coalition to Oppose the Arms Trade.
- ^Karash, Karl (2002). 'Singer Manufacturing Co'. coolgunsite.com. Moore, Ty. Retrieved April 15, 2019.
- ^'The Singer Brand History - 160+ Years of Sewing | Singer.com'. www.singer.com. Retrieved October 20, 2018.
- ^'Machines | Singer.com'. www.singer.com. Retrieved October 20, 2018.
- ^'SINGER Sewing Assistant App for iPhone & Android | Singer.com'. www.singer.com. Retrieved October 20, 2018.
- ^Miller, Matthew; Clifford, Mark L.; Zegel, Susan (August 5, 2002). 'Dishonored Dealmaker'. Businessweek. Retrieved March 25, 2007.
- ^'Old Phototypesetter Tales'. Haagens.com.
- ^Gray, Christopher (June 29, 1997). 'Style Standard for Early Steel-Framed Skyscraper'. The New York Times. p. 7. Retrieved August 1, 2010.
- ^'New York Architecture Images- HOME'. nyc-architecture.com.
- ^'Singer Clydebank history on West Dunbarton Council website'.
- ^'A Raider's Days Of Reckoning'. Time Magazine. July 10, 1989. Archived from the original on December 2, 2008. Retrieved May 1, 2007.
- ^Daniel Hilken & Albert Wong (July 1, 2005). 'Semi-Tech's Ting jailed six years'. The Standard (Hong Kong). Retrieved August 15, 2010.
Further reading[edit]
- Brandon, Ruth. A capitalist romance: Singer and the sewing machine (Lippincott, 1977).
- Coffin, Judith G. 'Credit, consumption, and images of women's desires: selling the sewing machine in late nineteenth-century France'. French Historical Studies (1994): 749-783. JSTOR286691.
- Davies, Robert Bruce. Peacefully working to conquer the world: Singer sewing machines in foreign markets, 1854â1920 (Arno Press, 1976).
- Godley, Andrew. 'The Global Diffusion of the Sewing Machine, 1850â1914'. Research in Economic History 20#1 (2001): 1-46.
- Godley, Andrew. 'Selling the Sewing Machine Around the World: Singer's International Marketing Strategies, 1850â1920', Enterprise & Society (2006) 7#2 pp. 266â314.
- Godley, Andrew. 'Singer in Britain: the diffusion of sewing machine technology and its impact on the clothing industry in the United Kingdom, 1860â1905'. Textile history 27.1 (1996): 59â76.
- Jack, Andrew B. 'The channels of distribution for an innovation: The sewing-machine industry in America, 1860â1865'. Explorations in Economic History 9.3 (1957): 113.
- Weber, Nicholas Fox. The Clarks of Cooperstown: Their Singer Sewing Machine Fortune, Their Great and Influential Art Collections, Their Forty-year Feud (Alfred A. Knopf, 2007).
- Wickramasinghe, Nira. 'Following the Singer Sewing Machine: Fashioning a Market in a British Crown Colony' in Metallic Modern: Everyday Machines in Colonial Sri Lanka. (Berghahn Books, 2014) pp. 16â40. JSTORj.ctt9qd0gq.6.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Singer Corporation and Singer sewing machines. - Singer Direct Singer history timeline
- Singer in WWII Singer's contribution to the war effort
- Singer sewing machine serial numbers and dates
- Sewing Machines, Historical Trade Literature Smithsonian Institution Libraries
- Singer Manufacturing company records at Newberry Library
- Singer Company records (1851â1990) at Hagley Museum and Library
- Singer Manufacturing Company Records (1860â1878) at Hagley Museum and Library
- Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. NJ-51, 'Singer Manufacturing Company, 321 First Street, Elizabeth, Union County, NJ'
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